Iziteshi ezingaphansi kukagesi zidlala indima ebalulekile ekudluliseni ugesi ngempumelelo ngohlelo lwethu lukazwelonke. Thola ukuthi benzani, basebenza kanjani nokuthi bangena kuphi kugridi yethu kagesi.
Kuningi ohlelweni lwethu lukagesi kunalapho ugesi uphehlwa khona, noma izintambo eziwuletha emakhaya nasemabhizinisini ethu. Eqinisweni, igridi kagesi kazwelonke ihlanganisa inethiwekhi enkulu yemishini ekhethekile evumela ukudluliswa nokusatshalaliswa kukagesi okuphephile nokuthembekile.
Iziteshi ezincane ziyizici ezibalulekile kuleyo grid futhi zivumela ugesi ukuthi udluliselwe ngama-voltage ahlukene, ngokuphephile nangokuthembekile.
Sisebenza kanjani isiteshi sikagesi?
Enye yezindima eziyinhloko zeziteshi ezincane ukuguqula ugesi ube ama-voltage ahlukene. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze ugesi usakazwe ezweni lonke bese usatshalaliswa ezindaweni eziseduze nasemakhaya ethu, amabhizinisi kanye nezakhiwo.
Iziteshi ezincane ziqukethe okokusebenza okukhethekile okuvumela amandla kagesi ukuthi aguqulwe (noma 'ashintshwe'). I-voltage yenyuka noma yehla ngezingcezu zemishini ebizwa ngokuthi ama-transformer, ahlala endaweni yesiteshi esincane.
Ama-Transformer ngamathuluzi kagesi adlulisa amandla kagesi ngokusebenzisa inkambu kazibuthe eshintshayo. Ahlanganisa amakhoyili amabili noma ngaphezulu ezintambo futhi umehluko wokuthi ikhoyili ngayinye igoqa kangaki ingqikithi yayo yensimbi kuzothinta ushintsho kugesi. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi i-voltage inyuke noma yehliswe.
Ama-transformer esiteshi esincane azofeza izinhloso ezahlukene ekuguquleni amandla kagesi kuye ngokuthi ukuphi ugesi ohambweni lwawo lokudlulisa.
Idutshulwe ngu-JZP(JIEZOUPOWER) e-Los Angeles, e-USA ngoMeyi 2024
Iziteshi ezincane zingena kuphi kunethiwekhi kagesi?
Kunezigaba ezimbili zesiteshi esincane; lezo eziyingxenye yenethiwekhi kagesi (esebenza ku-275kV nangaphezulu) kanye nalezo eziyingxenye yenethiwekhi yokusabalalisa (esebenza ku-132kV nangaphansi).
Iziteshi zokudlulisa
Iziteshi ezincane zokudlulisa zitholakala lapho ugesi ungena khona kunethiwekhi yokudlulisa (ngokuvamile eduze nomthombo omkhulu wamandla), noma lapho ushiya khona inethiwekhi yokudlulisela ukuze usatshalaliswe emakhaya nasemabhizinisini (okwaziwa njengendawo yokuhlinzeka ngegridi).
Ngenxa yokuthi okukhiphayo okuvela kumajeneretha kagesi - njengezitshalo zenuzi noma amapulazi omoya - kuyahlukahluka kumandla kagesi, kufanele kuguqulwe i-transformer ibe sezingeni elifanele indlela yayo yokudlulisa.
Iziteshi ezincanyana zokudlulisa amandla 'ziyizindawo' lapho amasekhethi axhumeka khona, okwenza inethiwekhi lapho ugesi ugeleza khona ngamandla amakhulu.
Uma ugesi usungene kugridi ngokuphephile, ube usudluliswa - ngokuvamile ebangeni elikhulu - ngamasekhethi adlulisa amandla kagesi aphezulu, ngokuvamile ngendlela yezintambo zikagesi ezihamba phezulu (ama-OHL) ozibona zisekelwa amapayipi kagesi. E-UK, lawa ma-OHL agijima ku-275kV noma ku-400kV. Ukwandisa noma ukwehlisa i-voltage ngendlela efanele kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi ifinyelela kumanethiwekhi okusabalalisa endawo ngokuphepha futhi ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okukhulu kwamandla.
Lapho ugesi ushiya inethiwekhi yokudlulisa, isiteshi esincane se-grid supply point (GSP) sehlisa ugesi futhi ukuze usatshalaliswe ngokuphephile - ngokuvamile esiteshini esiseduze sokusabalalisa.
Iziteshi ezincane zokusabalalisa
Lapho ugesi uthuthwa usuka ohlelweni lokudlulisela uyiswe esiteshini esincane sokusabalalisa nge-GSP, ugesi wawo wehliswa futhi ukuze ungene ezindlini zethu nasemabhizinisini ethu ezingeni elisebenzisekayo. Lokhu kwenziwa ngenethiwekhi yokusabalalisa yemigqa emincane engaphezulu noma izintambo ezingaphansi komhlaba ezakhiweni eziku-240V.
Ngokukhula kwemithombo yamandla exhuma ezingeni lenethiwekhi yendawo (eyaziwa ngokuthi isiphehlisi esishumekiwe), ukuhamba kukagesi kungashintshwa ukuze ama-GSP akhiphe amandla abuyele ohlelweni lokudlulisa ukusiza ukulinganisa igridi.
Yini enye eyenziwa yiziteshi ezingaphansi?
Iziteshi ezincanyana zokudlulisa kulapho amaphrojekthi amakhulu kagesi axhumeka kugridi kagesi yase-UK. Sixhuma zonke izinhlobo zobuchwepheshe kunethiwekhi yethu, ngama-gigawatt amaningana axhunywa unyaka ngamunye.
Eminyakeni edlule sixhume abakhiqizi bamandla angaphezu kuka-90 - okuhlanganisa cishe u-30GW wemithombo ye-carbon eyiziro nezixhumi ezixhumanisayo - esiza ekwenzeni iBrithani ibe omunye weminotho eshesha kakhulu emhlabeni yokususa ikhabhoni.
Uxhumano luphinde luthathe amandla kunethiwekhi yokudlulisa, isibonelo ngama-GSP (njengoba kuchazwe ngenhla) noma kubaqhubi bezitimela.
Iziteshi ezincane ziqukethe nezinto ezisiza ukugcina amasistimu ethu okuthumela nokusabalalisa ugesi esebenza ngokushelela ngangokunokwenzeka, ngaphandle kokuhluleka okuphindaphindiwe noma ukuphumula. Lokhu kubandakanya okokuvikela, okuhlonza futhi kusule amaphutha kunethiwekhi.
Ingabe ukuhlala eduze kwesiteshi esincane kuphephile?
Eminyakeni edlule kuye kwaba nenkulumompikiswano mayelana nokuthi ukuhlala eduze kweziteshi ezingaphansi - futhi ngempela izintambo zikagesi - kuphephile, ngenxa yezinkundla zikagesi (EMFs) ezizikhiqizayo.
Ukukhathazeka okunjalo kuthathwa ngokungathi sína futhi into esemqoka kithi ukugcina umphakathi, osonkontileka bethu nabasebenzi bephephile. Zonke iziteshi ezincanyana ziklanyelwe ukukhawulela ama-EMF ngokuvumelana neziqondiso ezizimele zokuphepha, ezibekwe ukuze zisivikele sonke ekuchayekeni. Ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka ocwaningo, isisindo sobufakazi buphikisana nokuba khona kwanoma yiziphi izingozi zezempilo zama-EMF ngaphansi kwemikhawulo yesiqondiso.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-28-2024