Emhlabeni we-transformer, amagama athi "loop feed" kanye "ne-radial feed" avame ukuhlotshaniswa ne-HV bushing layout for compartmentalized padmount transformers. La magama, nokho, awaveli kuma-transformer. Zivela kumqondo obanzi wokusatshalaliswa kwamandla kumasistimu kagesi (noma amasekhethi). I-transformer ibizwa ngokuthi i-loop feed transformer ngoba ukumiswa kwayo kwe-bushing kuqondiswe kusistimu yokusabalalisa iluphu. Okufanayo kusebenza kuma-transformer esiwahlukanisa njengokuphakelayo kwe-radial—isakhiwo sawo esibhishi ngokuvamile sifaneleka kumasistimu e-radial.
Ezinhlotsheni ezimbili zama-transformer, inguqulo ye-loop feed iyona evumelana nezimo kakhulu. Iyunithi yokuphakelayo ye-loop ingakwamukela kokubili ukulungiselelwa kwesistimu ye-radial ne-loop, kuyilapho ama-radial feed transformer cishe avela njalo ezinhlelweni ze-radial.
Amasistimu Wokusabalalisa Okuphakelayo kwe-Radial kanye ne-Loop
Kokubili amasistimu we-radial kanye ne-loop ahlose ukufeza into efanayo: ukuthumela amandla kagesi aphakathi nendawo ukusuka kumthombo ovamile (imvamisa isiteshi esincane) kusiguquli esisodwa noma ngaphezulu esisuka phansi esinikeza umthwalo.
Okuphakelayo kweradial kulula kukho kokubili. Cabanga ngesiyingi esinemigqa eminingana (noma ama-radian) asuka endaweni eyodwa emaphakathi, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 1. Leli phuzu elimaphakathi limelela umthombo wamandla, futhi izikwele ezisekupheleni komugqa ngamunye zimelela ama-transformer asuka phansi. Kulokhu kusetha, i-transformer ngayinye inikezwa endaweni efanayo ohlelweni, futhi uma umthombo wamandla uphazamiseka ukuze ulungiswe, noma uma kwenzeka iphutha, lonke uhlelo luya phansi kuze kube yilapho inkinga isixazululiwe.
Umfanekiso 1: Umdwebo ongenhla ubonisa ama-transformer axhunywe kusistimu yokusabalalisa i-radial. Iphoyinti eliphakathi limelela umthombo wamandla kagesi. Isikwele ngasinye simelela i-transformer ngayinye ephakelwa amandla afanayo.
Umfanekiso 2: Kuhlelo lokusabalalisa okuphakelayo kweluphu, ama-transformer angaphakelwa imithombo eminingi. Uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwekhebula eliphakelayo elikhuphukayo loMthombo A, isistimu ingase inikwe amandla amakhebuli okuphakelayo axhunywe Kumthombo B ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okukhulu kwesevisi.
Kusistimu ye-loop, amandla anganikezwa ngemithombo emibili noma ngaphezulu. Esikhundleni sokuphakela ama-transformer asuka endaweni eyodwa emaphakathi njengakuMdwebo 1, uhlelo lweluphu oluboniswe kuMdwebo 2 lunikeza izindawo ezimbili ezihlukene lapho amandla angase anikezwe khona. Uma umthombo wamandla owodwa ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, omunye ungaqhubeka nokunikeza amandla ohlelweni. Lokhu kuphelelwa umsebenzi kunikeza ukuqhubeka kwesevisi futhi kwenza isistimu yeluphu ibe inketho ekhethwayo kubasebenzisi abaningi bokugcina, njengezibhedlela, amakolishi amakolishi, izikhumulo zezindiza, nezakhiwo ezinkulu zezimboni. Umfanekiso wesi-3 unikeza umbono oseduze wama-transformer amabili aboniswe ohlelweni lwe-loop kusuka kuMfanekiso 2.
Umfanekiso 3: Umdwebo ongenhla ubonisa iziguquli ezimisiwe ze-loop feed ezixhunywe ndawonye kusistimu ye-loop enenketho yokuphakelwa kokukodwa kokubili kwamandla.
Umehluko phakathi kwezinhlelo ze-radial ne-loop ungafingqwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:
Uma i-transformer ithola amandla kusuka endaweni eyodwa kuphela kumjikelezo, uhlelo luyi-radial.
Uma i-transformer ikwazi ukuthola amandla kusuka kumaphuzu amabili noma ngaphezulu kumjikelezo, uhlelo luyi-loop.
Ukuhlolwa okuseduze kwama-transformers kumjikelezo kungase kungabonisi ngokucacile ukuthi uhlelo luyi-radial noma i-loop; njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, kokubili okuphakelayo kwe-loop kanye nama-radial feed transformer kungalungiselelwa ukusebenza kunoma yikuphi ukumiswa kwesekethe (yize futhi, akuvamile ukubona i-radial feed transformer ohlelweni lwe-loop). Ipulani likagesi kanye nomugqa owodwa kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokunquma ukwakheka nokucushwa kwesistimu. Uma sekushiwo lokho, ngokubhekisisa ukucushwa kwe-bushing okuyisisekelo kwama-radial kanye ne-loop feed transformers, kuvame ukukwazi ukufeza isiphetho esinolwazi mayelana nohlelo.
I-Radial kanye ne-Loop Feed Bushing Configurations
Kuziguquli ze-padmount, umehluko omkhulu phakathi kokuphakelayo kwe-radial ne-loop usekucushweni okuyisisekelo/kwe-HV (uhlangothi lwesobunxele lwekhabhinethi yesiguquli). Esigabeni sokuqala sokuphakelwa kwe-radial, kunesihlahla esisodwa sekhondatha yesigaba ngasinye kwezintathu ezingenayo, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 4. Lesi sakhiwo sivame ukutholakala lapho kudingeka khona i-transformer eyodwa ukuze kunikwe amandla isayithi yonke noma indawo. Njengoba sizobona kamuva, ama-radial feed transformer avame ukusetshenziselwa iyunithi yokugcina ochungechungeni lwama-transformer axhunywe kanye nama-primaries e-loop feed (bona Umfanekiso 6).
Umfanekiso 4:Ukulungiselelwa kokuphakelayo kwe-radial kudizayinelwe ukuphakela okuyinhloko okukodwa okungenayo.
I-Loop feed primaries inezihlahla eziyisithupha esikhundleni sokuthathu. Ukuhlelwa okuvame kakhulu kwaziwa ngokuthi i-V Loop enamaqoqo amabili ezihlahla ezinyakazayo (bona Umfanekiso 5)—amahlahla amathathu kwesokunxele (H1A, H2A, H3A) futhi amathathu kwesokudla (H1B, H2B, H3B), njengoba kushiwo. ku-IEEE Std C57.12.34.
Umfanekiso 5: Ukucushwa kwe-loop feed kunikeza ithuba lokuba nezifunzo ezimbili eziyinhloko.
Isicelo esivame kakhulu se-six-bushing primary ukuxhuma ama-loop feed transformer amaningana ndawonye. Kulokhu kusetha, okuphakelayo kwensiza engenayo kulethwa kusiguquli sokuqala ohlwini. Isethi yesibili yezintambo isuka ku-B-side bushings yeyunithi yokuqala iye ku-A-side bushings ye-transformer elandelayo ochungechungeni. Le ndlela ye-daisy-chaining ama-transformer amabili noma ngaphezulu ngokulandelana nayo ibizwa ngokuthi "i-loop" yama-transformers (noma "ama-looping transformers ndawonye"). Kubalulekile ukwenza umehluko phakathi kwe "loop" (noma iketango le-daisy) lama-transformer kanye ne-loop feed njengoba ihlobene ne-transformer bushings kanye nezinhlelo zokusabalalisa ugesi. Umfanekiso wesi-6 uveza isibonelo esiphelele se-loop yama-transformer afakwe ohlelweni lwe-radial. Uma amandla elahleka emthonjeni, womathathu ama-transformer azobe engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi kuze kube yilapho amandla ebuyiselwa. Qaphela, ukuhlolisiswa kweyunithi yokuphakela kwe-radial kwesokudla esikude kungabonisa isistimu ye-radial, kodwa lokhu bekungeke kucace uma sibheka amanye amayunithi amabili kuphela.
Umfanekiso 6: Leli qembu lama-transformer linikezwa umthombo owodwa oqala ku-transformer yokuqala ochungechungeni. Okuphakelayo okuyinhloko kudluliselwa nge-transformer ngayinye ohlwini ukuya kuyunithi yokugcina lapho kupheliswa khona.
Amafuse e-bayonet aseceleni angaphakathi anganezelwa ku-transformer ngayinye, njengoba kuboniswe kuMdwebo 7. Ukuhlanganisa okuyisisekelo kwengeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvikela uhlelo lukagesi-ikakhulukazi lapho ama-transformer amaningana axhunywe ndawonye ehlanganiswa ngamanye.
Umfanekiso 7:I-transformer ngayinye ifakwe isivikelo sayo sangaphakathi sangaphakathi.
Uma iphutha lesibili ohlangothini lwenzeka kuyunithi eyodwa (Umfanekiso 8), ukuhlanganisa okuyinhloko kuzophazamisa ukugeleza kwe-overcurrent kusiguquli esinephutha ngaphambi kokuthi sikwazi ukufinyelela kuwo wonke amayunithi, futhi umthamo ojwayelekile uzoqhubeka nokugeleza ukudlula iyunithi enephutha ukuze ama-transformer asele kumjikelezo. Lokhu kunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula futhi kuthumela ukwehluleka kuyunithi eyodwa lapho amayunithi amaningana exhunywe ndawonye kusekethe yegatsha elilodwa. Lokhu kusetha okunokuvikela okudlulele kwangaphakathi kungase kusetshenziswe kumasistimu we-radial noma loop–kunoma yikuphi, i-fuse yokukhipha izohlukanisa iyunithi enephutha kanye nomthwalo ewusebenzayo.
Umfanekiso 8: Uma kwenzeka kuba nephutha ohlangothini lomthwalo kuyunithi eyodwa ochungechungeni lwama-transformer, ukuhlanganisa uhlangothi oluyinhloko kuzohlukanisa iyunithi enephutha kwamanye ama-loop ku-loop-kuvimbele umonakalo owengeziwe futhi kuvumele ukusebenza okunganqamuki kulo lonke uhlelo.
Olunye uhlelo lokusebenza lokucushwa kwe-loop feed bushing ukuxhuma okuphakelayo komthombo okubili okuhlukene (Okuphakelayo A no-B) kuyunithi eyodwa. Lokhu kufana nesimo sangaphambilini kuMdwebo 2 kanye noMfanekiso 3, kodwa ngeyunithi eyodwa. Kulolu hlelo lokusebenza, isikhethi esisodwa noma ngaphezulu sesikhethi se-rotary esicwiliswe uwoyela sifakwe ku-transformer, okuvumela iyunithi ukuthi ishintshane phakathi kokuphakelayo okubili njengoba kudingeka. Ukucushwa okuthile kuzovumela ukushintsha phakathi kokuphakelayo komthombo ngamunye ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa amandla okwesikhashana emlayishweni onikezwayo—inzuzo ebalulekile kubasebenzisi bokugcina abazisa ukuqhubeka kwesevisi kagesi.
Umfanekiso 9: Umdwebo ongenhla ubonisa i-loop feed transformer eyodwa kusistimu yeluphu enenketho yokuphakelwa kokukodwa kokubili kwamandla.
Nasi esinye isibonelo se-loop feed transformer efakwe kusistimu ye-radial. Kulesi simo, ikhabhinethi eyinhloko inesethi eyodwa kuphela yamakhondakta ahlala ezihlahleni ze-A-side, futhi isethi yesibili ye-B-side bushings inqanyulwa ngamakepisi afakwe ama-insulated noma ama-elbow arresters. Leli lungiselelo lilungele noma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-radial feed lapho kudingeka i-transformer eyodwa kuphela ekufakweni. Ukufaka amadivaysi okuvikela akhuphukayo kuma-B-side bushings futhi kuwukucushwa okujwayelekile kwe-transformer yokugcina ochungechungeni noma uchungechunge lwamayunithi okuphakelayo kweluphu (ngokwejwayelekile, ukuvikelwa kokuhlinza kufakwa endaweni yokugcina).
Umfanekiso 10: Nasi isibonelo se-loop feed primary enezihlahla eziyisithupha lapho izihlahla ezintathu zesibili eziseceleni kuka-B ziqedwa ngezibambi zendololwane zangaphambili ezifile. Lokhu kulungiselelwa kusebenzela i-transformer eyodwa iyodwa, futhi iphinde isetshenziselwe i-transformer yokugcina ochungechungeni lwamayunithi axhunyiwe.
Kuyenzeka futhi ukuphindaphinda lokhu kulungiselelwa ngokuphakelayo kwe-radial okunamahlamvu amathathu kusetshenziswa okuphakelayo okuzungezisayo (noma okufakiwe) okufakiwe. Okokufaka okuphakelayo ngakunye kukunikeza inketho yokufaka ukunqanyulwa kwekhebula elilodwa kanye nesibambisi sendololwane esifile sangaphambili ngesigaba ngasinye. Lokhu kulungiselelwa okunokufakwa kokuphakelayo nakho kwenza ukubekelwa phansi enye isethi yezintambo zezinhlelo zokusebenza zesistimu yeluphu kwenzeke, noma ukuxhumeka okuthathu okwengeziwe kungasetshenziswa ukunikeza amandla kwenye i-transformer ochungechungeni (noma iluphu) yamayunithi. Ukucushwa okuphakelayo ngama-radial transformer akukuvumeli ukukhetha phakathi kwesethi ehlukile ye-A-side kanye ne-B-side bushings enokushintsha kwangaphakathi ku-transformer, okwenza kube ukukhetha okungathandeki kumasistimu we-loop. Iyunithi enjalo ingase isetshenziselwe isixazululo sesikhashana (noma sokuqashiswa) lapho i-loop feed transformer ingatholakali kalula, kodwa ayisona isixazululo esifanelekile saphakade.
Umfanekiso 11: Okuphakelayo okuphendukayo okufakiwe kungase kusetshenziselwe ukwengeza izibambi noma enye isethi yezintambo eziphumayo ekusethweni kwe-radial feed bushing.
Njengoba kushiwo ekuqaleni, ama-loop feed transformer asetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zama-radial njengoba angakwazi ukulungiselwa kalula ukusebenza kwawodwa njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngenhla kuMfanekiso 10, kodwa cishe ahlala ewukhetho olukhethekile lwezinhlelo ze-loop ngenxa yokwakheka kwawo okuyisithupha. isakhiwo. Ngokufakwa kokushintsha kwesikhethi esicwiliswe uwoyela, ukuphakela kwemithombo eminingi kungalawulwa kusukela kukhabhinethi eyinhloko yeyunithi.
Isimiso esinamaswishi esikhethi sihilela ukwephula ukugeleza kwamandla kumakhoyili e-transformer njengeswishi elula yokuvula/yokucima enekhono elengeziwe lokuqondisa kabusha ukugeleza kwamanje phakathi kwama-A-side kanye ne-B-side bushings. Ukucushwa kwesikhethi okulula ukukuqonda inketho yokushintsha enezindawo ezimbili. Njengoba Umfanekiso we-12 ubonisa, inkinobho eyodwa yokuvula/ukuvala ilawula i-transformer ngokwayo, futhi amaswishi amabili engeziwe alawula okuphakelayo kwe-A-side kanye no-B ngakunye. Lokhu kulungiselelwa kulungele ukusethwa kwesistimu ye-loop (njengakuMdwebo 9 ngenhla) okudinga ukukhetha phakathi kwemithombo emibili ehlukene nganoma isiphi isikhathi. Isebenza kahle futhi kumasistimu e-radial anamayunithi amaningi e-daisy-chain ahlanganiswe ndawonye.
Umfanekiso 12:Isibonelo se-transformer enamaswishi amathathu anezindawo ezimbili ohlangothini oluyinhloko. Lolu hlobo lokushintshwa kwesikhethi lungase futhi lusetshenziswe ngokushintsha okukodwa okunezindawo ezine, nokho, inketho yezindawo ezine ayiguquguquki kangako, njengoba ingakuvumeli ukuvula/ukuvala ukushintshwa kwe-transformer ngokwayo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-A-side futhi Okuphakelayo kwe-B-side.
Umfanekiso we-13 ubonisa ama-transformer amathathu, ngalinye linokushintshwa kwezindawo ezimbili. Iyunithi yokuqala kwesokunxele inawo womathathu amaswishi endaweni evaliwe (evuliwe). I-transformer ephakathi inazo zombili izishintshi ze-A-side kanye ne-B-side endaweni evaliwe, kuyilapho iswishi elawula ikhoyili ye-transformer isendaweni evulekile (cimile). Kulesi simo, amandla anikezwa umthwalo onikezwa i-transformer yokuqala kanye ne-transformer yokugcina eqenjini, kodwa hhayi kuyunithi ephakathi. I-A-side kanye ne-B-side switch on/off ivumela ukugeleza kwamandla ukuthi kudluliselwe kuyunithi elandelayo ohlwini lapho inkinobho yokuvula/ukuvala ikhoyili ye-transformer ivuliwe.
Umfanekiso 13: Ngokusebenzisa amaswishi okukhetha amaningi kusiguquli ngasinye, iyunithi emaphakathi ingase ihlukaniswe ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa amandla kumayunithi aseduze.
Kukhona okunye ukulungiselelwa kokushintsha okungenzeka, njengokushintshwa kwezindawo ezine-okuyinto ngandlela thile ehlanganisa ukushintshwa okukodwa okunezindawo ezimbili kube idivayisi eyodwa (okunomehluko embalwa). Ukushintshwa kwezikhundla ezine kuphinde kubizwe ngokuthi “amaswishi e-loop feed” ngoba asetshenziswa kuphela nama-loop feed transformer. Amaswishi okuphakelayo kweluphu angasetshenziswa kumasistimu we-radial noma loop. Kuhlelo lwe-radial, asetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa i-transformer kwabanye eqenjini njengakuMfanekiso 13. Kuhlelo lwe-loop, ukushintsha okunjalo kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukulawula amandla avela komunye wemithombo emibili engenayo (njengakuMfanekiso 9).
Ukubheka okujulile kokushintsha kwe-loop feed kungaphezu kobubanzi balesi sihloko, futhi incazelo emfushane yakho lapha isetshenziselwa ukukhombisa ingxenye ebalulekile yokushintsha kwesikhethi sangaphakathi esidlalayo kuma-loop feed transformer afakwe ezinhlelweni ze-radial kanye ne-loop. Ezimweni eziningi lapho isiguquli esishintshayo sidingeka ohlelweni lokuphakelayo kweluphu, uhlobo lokushintsha okukhulunywe ngalo ngenhla luzodingeka. Ukushintsha okuthathu okunezikhundla ezimbili kunikeza ukuguquguquka okuningi, futhi ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kuyisixazululo esifanelekile ku-transformer esikhundleni esifakwe ohlelweni lwe-loop.
Isifinyezo
Njengomthetho ojwayelekile wesithupha, i-radial feed-mounted pad transformer ngokuvamile ibonisa isistimu ye-radial. Nge-loop feed pad-mounted transformer, kungaba nzima ukwenza isinqumo mayelana nokucushwa kwesekethe. Ukuba khona kwamaswishi esikhethi agxiliswe uwoyela angaphakathi ngokuvamile kuzobonisa isistimu ye-loop, kodwa hhayi njalo. Njengoba kushiwo ekuqaleni, ama-loop systems avame ukusetshenziswa lapho kudingeka khona ukuqhubeka kwenkonzo, njengezibhedlela, izikhumulo zezindiza, namakolishi amakolishi. Ukufakwa okubalulekile okufana nalokhu, ukucushwa okukhethekile kuzohlale kudingekile, kodwa izinhlelo eziningi zezentengiselwano nezimboni zizovumela ukuguquguquka okuthile ekucushweni kwe-transformer efakwe ku-pad enikezwayo–ikakhulukazi uma isistimu i-radial.
Uma umusha ekusebenziseni izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-radial kanye ne-loop feed-mounted pad, sincoma ukuthi ugcine lo mhlahlandlela uwusizo njengesithenjwa. Siyazi ukuthi akuphelele, noma kunjalo, ngakho zizwe ukhululekile ukuxhumana nathi uma unemibuzo eyengeziwe. Siphinde sisebenze kanzima ukugcina uhlu lwethu lwama-transformer nezingxenye lugcwele kahle, ngakho-ke sazise uma unesidingo esithile sohlelo lokusebenza.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-08-2024