Zviteshi zvemagetsi zvinoita chikamu chakakosha mukufambisira zvakanaka magetsi kuburikidza nehurongwa hwenyika yedu. Tsvaga kuti vanoita sei, vanoshanda sei uye kuti vanokwana papi mugetsi redu remagetsi.
Pane zvakawanda kugadziriro yedu yemagetsi kupfuura panogadzirwa magetsi, kana tambo dzinouunza kudzimba dzedu nemabhizinesi. Muchokwadi, gidhi remagetsi renyika rinosanganisira network yakakura yemidziyo yehunyanzvi inobvumira kuchengetedzwa uye kwakavimbika kutapurirana uye kugovera magetsi.
Substations zvinhu zvakakosha mukati meiyo grid uye inoita kuti magetsi afambiswe pamagetsi akasiyana, zvakachengeteka uye zvakavimbika.
Chiteshi chemagetsi chinoshanda sei?
Rimwe remabasa makuru ezviteshi nderekushandura magetsi kuita magetsi akasiyana. Izvi zvinodikanwa kuitira kuti magetsi afambiswe munyika yose uye ozoparadzirwa munzvimbo dzose dzemunharaunda uye mudzimba dzedu, mabhizimisi uye zvivakwa.
Substations ine michina yehunyanzvi inobvumira voltage yemagetsi kushandurwa (kana 'kuchinjika'). Iyo voltage inokwidziridzwa kumusoro kana kudzika kuburikidza nezvidimbu zvemidziyo inonzi transformers, inogara mukati menzvimbo yechiteshi.
Transformers midziyo yemagetsi inofambisa simba remagetsi kuburikidza nekuchinja magnetic field. Ivo zvinosanganisira maviri kana kupfuura coils waya uye musiyano kangani imwe neimwe coil wraps kumativi ayo esimbi musimboti kuchakanganisa kuchinja voltage. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti voltage iwedzere kana kuderedzwa.
Substation transformers inozadzisa zvinangwa zvakasiyana mukushandura magetsi zvichienderana nekuti magetsi ari papi parwendo rwayo rwekufambisa.
Akapfurwa naJZP(JIEZOUPOWER) muLos Angeles, USA muna Chivabvu 2024
Zviteshi zvishoma zvinokwana papi mumambure emagetsi?
Kune makirasi maviri e substation; izvo zvinoumba chikamu cheiyo network yekutumira (iyo inoshanda pa275kV uye pamusoro) uye ayo anoumba chikamu cheiyo network yekugovera (iyo inoshanda pa132kV uye pasi).
Transmission substations
Zviteshi zvekutumira zvinowanikwa apo magetsi anopinda mumagetsi ekufambisa (kazhinji pedyo nemasimba makuru emagetsi), kana kuti inosiya network yekutumira kuti iparadzirwe kudzimba uye mabhizinesi (anozivikanwa segridi rekupa nzvimbo).
Nekuti izvo zvinobuda kubva kumajenareta emagetsi - senge zvidyarwa zvenyukireya kana mapurazi emhepo - zvinosiyana mumagetsi, zvinofanirwa kushandurwa netransformer kusvika pamwero unokodzera nzira dzayo dzekufambisa.
Transmission substations ndiyo 'majunctions' apo masekete anobatana, achigadzira network inoyerera magetsi nehigh voltage.
Kana magetsi angopinda mugetsi zvisina njodzi, anobva afambiswa - kazhinji pamusoro pemadaro mahombe - kuburikidza nemaseketi ekufambisa emagetsi, kazhinji ari muchimiro chetambo dzemagetsi epamusoro (OHLs) aunoona achitsigirwa nemapiloni emagetsi. MuUK, maOHL aya anomhanya ari pa275kV kana 400kV. Kuwedzera kana kudzikisira voltage zvichiteerana kunovimbisa kuti inosvika pamatunhu ekugovera network zvakachengeteka uye pasina kurasikirwa kwakakosha kwesimba.
Kunosiya magetsi kubva kunetiweki yekutumira, chiteshi chegetsi (GSP) chinodzika voltage pasi zvakare kuti ienderere mberi nekuchengetedzeka - kazhinji kune chiteshi chekugovera chiri padyo.
Distribution substations
Kana magetsi achifambiswa kubva kunzira yekufambisa kuenda kunzvimbo yekugovera kuburikidza neGSP, magetsi ayo anodzikiswa zvakare kuitira kuti apinde mudzimba dzedu nemabhizinesi pamwero wekushandisa. Izvi zvinotakurwa kuburikidza netiweki yekugovera yemitsara midiki yepamusoro kana tambo dzepasi pevhu muzvivakwa pa240V.
Nekukura kwezvitubu zvemagetsi zvinobatana padanho retiweki renzvimbo (inozivikanwa seyakamisikidzwa chizvarwa), kuyerera kwemagetsi kunogonawo kuchinjirwa kuitira kuti maGSPs atumire kunze simba kudzosera kune yekufambisa sisitimu yekubatsira kuenzanisa grid.
Chii chimwe chinoita substations?
Zviteshi zvekufambiswa kwemagetsi ndiko uko mapurojekiti makuru emagetsi anobatana negetsi reku UK. Isu tinobatanidza ese marudzi etekinoroji kunetiweki yedu, ine akati wandei gigawatts ari plugged mukati gore rega rega.
Kwemakore takabatanidza majenareta emagetsi anodarika makumi mapfumbamwe - anosanganisira angangoita makumi matatu emakumi matatu emagetsi e zero carbon sources uye mainterconnector - ari kubatsira kuti Britain ive imwe yenyika inokurumidza kubvisa carboni pasi rose.
Zvisungo zvinotorawo simba kubva kune network yekutumira, semuenzaniso kuburikidza neGSPs (sezvatsanangurwa pamusoro) kana kune vanofambisa njanji.
Zviteshi zvemagetsi zvinewo midziyo inobatsira kuchengetedza mafambisirwo emagetsi edu uye masisitimu ekuparadzira achishanda zvakanaka sezvinobvira, pasina kutadza kudzokororwa kana kuderera. Izvi zvinosanganisira midziyo yekudzivirira, iyo inoona uye inobvisa zvikanganiso mumambure.
Kugara pedyo nechiteshi kwakachengeteka here?
Mumakore apfuura pave paine gakava pamusoro pekuti kugara padivi pezviteshi - uye zvechokwadi tambo dzemagetsi - kwakachengeteka, nekuda kwenzvimbo dzemagetsi emagetsi (EMFs) dzavanogadzira.
Zvinetso zvakadai zvinotorwa zvakakomba uye chatiri kukoshesa ndechekuchengetedza veruzhinji, makondirakiti edu nevashandi vakachengeteka. Zvese zviteshi zvakagadzirirwa kudzikamisa EMFs zvinoenderana neyakazvimiririra kuchengetedza nhungamiro, yakagadzirirwa kutidzivirira tese kubva pakufumurwa. Mushure memakumi emakore ekutsvagisa, huremu hwehumbowo hunopesana nekuve nenjodzi dzehutano dzeEMFs pazasi pemiganho yekutungamira.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-28-2024