Malo opangira magetsi amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakutumiza magetsi moyenera kudzera munjira yadziko lathu. Dziwani zomwe amachita, momwe amagwirira ntchito komanso komwe amalowa mu gridi yathu yamagetsi.
Pali zambiri pamagetsi athu kuposa momwe magetsi amapangidwira, kapena zingwe zomwe zimabweretsa kunyumba ndi mabizinesi athu. M'malo mwake, gridi yamagetsi yapadziko lonse lapansi imakhala ndi zida zambiri zapadera zomwe zimalola kuti magetsi azikhala otetezeka komanso odalirika.
Ma substation ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri mkati mwa gridiyo ndipo amalola magetsi kutumizidwa pamagetsi osiyanasiyana, motetezeka komanso modalirika.
Kodi potengera magetsi amagwira ntchito bwanji?
Imodzi mwa ntchito zazikulu za substation ndikusinthira magetsi kukhala ma voltages osiyanasiyana. Izi ndizofunikira kuti magetsi athe kufalikira m'dziko lonselo ndikugawidwa m'madera akumidzi komanso m'nyumba zathu, mabizinesi ndi nyumba.
Magawo ang'onoang'ono amakhala ndi zida zapadera zomwe zimalola kuti magetsi a magetsi asinthe (kapena 'kusintha'). Mphamvu yamagetsiyi imakwezedwa kapena kutsika kudzera m'zidutswa za zida zotchedwa ma transfoma, zomwe zimakhala mkati mwa siteshoni.
Transformers ndi zida zamagetsi zomwe zimasamutsa mphamvu zamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito maginito osinthika. Amakhala ndi ma koyilo awiri kapena kuposerapo wawaya komanso kusiyana kwa kangati koyilo iliyonse yomwe imakutira mozungulira chitsulo chake chachitsulo chidzakhudza kusintha kwamagetsi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti magetsi awonjezeke kapena achepe.
Magetsi a substation akwaniritsa zolinga zosiyanasiyana pakusinthira magetsi kutengera komwe magetsi ali paulendo wake wotumizira.
Adawomberedwa ndi JZP(JIEZOUPOWER) ku Los Angeles, USA mu Meyi 2024
Kodi masiteshoni ang'onoang'ono amalowa pati mu netiweki yamagetsi?
Pali magulu awiri a substation; omwe amapanga gawo la netiweki yapaintaneti (yomwe imagwira ntchito pa 275kV ndi kupitilira apo) ndi omwe amapanga gawo la network yogawa (yomwe imagwira ntchito pa 132kV ndi pansi).
Malo otumizira
Malo otumizira magetsi amapezeka pomwe magetsi amalowa mu netiweki yotumizira (nthawi zambiri pafupi ndi gwero lalikulu lamagetsi), kapena pomwe imasiya njira yotumizira kuti igawidwe ku nyumba ndi mabizinesi (otchedwa grid supply point).
Chifukwa chotuluka kuchokera ku majenereta a mphamvu - monga zomera za nyukiliya kapena minda yamphepo - zimasiyana ndi magetsi, ziyenera kusinthidwa ndi thiransifoma ku mlingo womwe umagwirizana ndi njira zake zotumizira.
Ma transmission substations ndi 'majunction' omwe mabwalo amalumikizana wina ndi mzake, kupanga netiweki yomwe magetsi amayenda mothamanga kwambiri.
Magetsi akalowa mu gridi motetezeka, amatumizidwa - nthawi zambiri pamtunda waukulu - kudzera m'mabwalo otumizira ma voltage apamwamba, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ngati ma chingwe amagetsi apamwamba (OHLs) omwe mumawona mothandizidwa ndi ma pyloni amagetsi. Ku UK, ma OHL awa amathamanga pa 275kV kapena 400kV. Kuchulukitsa kapena kuchepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi moyenerera kudzawonetsetsa kuti ifika pama network ogawa bwino komanso osataya mphamvu.
Kumene magetsi amachoka pa netiweki yotumizira, cholumikizira cha grid (GSP) chimatsitsa mphamvu yamagetsi kuti igawidwe motetezeka - nthawi zambiri kupita kumalo oyandikana nawo.
Malo ogawa
Pamene magetsi akuyendetsedwa kuchokera ku makina otumizira kupita kumalo ogawa kudzera pa GSP, magetsi ake amatsitsidwanso kuti athe kulowa m'nyumba zathu ndi malonda pamlingo wogwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi zimayendetsedwa kudzera pa intaneti yogawa mizere yaying'ono yam'mwamba kapena zingwe zapansi panthaka kupita ku nyumba za 240V.
Ndi kukula kwa magwero amagetsi omwe amalumikizana ndi netiweki yam'deralo (yotchedwa embedded generation), kuyenda kwa magetsi kungasinthidwenso kuti ma GSPs atulutse mphamvu kumagetsi kuti athandizire kuwongolera gridi.
Kodi masiteshoni amatani?
Malo otumizira magetsi ndi pomwe mapulojekiti akuluakulu amagetsi amalumikizana ndi gridi yamagetsi yaku UK. Timalumikiza mitundu yonse yaukadaulo ku netiweki yathu, pomwe ma gigawatt angapo amalumikizidwa chaka chilichonse.
Kwa zaka zambiri talumikiza majenereta opitilira 90 - kuphatikiza pafupifupi 30GW ya magwero a kaboni a zero ndi zolumikizirana - zomwe zikuthandiza kuti Britain ikhale imodzi mwamayiko omwe akuthamanga kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi pazachuma.
Malumikizidwe amatenganso mphamvu kuchokera ku netiweki yotumizira, mwachitsanzo kudzera mu ma GSP (monga tafotokozera pamwambapa) kapena kwa ogwira ntchito njanji.
Magawo ang'onoang'ono amakhalanso ndi zida zomwe zimathandiza kuti makina athu otumizira ndi kugawa magetsi aziyenda bwino momwe tingathere, popanda kulephera mobwerezabwereza kapena kutsika. Izi zikuphatikiza zida zodzitetezera, zomwe zimazindikira ndikuchotsa zolakwika pamanetiweki.
Kodi kukhala pafupi ndi siteshoni yapansi panthaka kuli kotetezeka?
M'zaka zapitazi pakhala mkangano wokhudza ngati kukhala pafupi ndi malo ocheperako - komanso mizere yamagetsi - ndikotetezeka, chifukwa cha minda yamagetsi (EMFs) yomwe amapanga.
Nkhawa zotere zimatengedwa mozama ndipo cholinga chathu ndikuteteza anthu, makontrakitala athu ndi antchito athu. Masiteshoni ang'onoang'ono onse adapangidwa kuti achepetse ma EMF mogwirizana ndi malangizo odziyimira pawokha achitetezo, okhazikitsidwa kuti atiteteze tonse kuti tisavutike. Pambuyo pazaka makumi angapo za kafukufuku, kulemera kwa umboni kumatsutsana ndi kukhalapo kwa zoopsa zilizonse za thanzi za EMFs pansi pa malire otsogolera.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-28-2024