Mawu Oyamba
Transformer ndi chipangizo chosasunthika chomwe chimasintha mphamvu yamagetsi ya AC kuchoka ku voteji imodzi kupita ku voteji ina kusunga ma frequency ofanana ndi mfundo ya electromagnetic induction.
Zomwe zimalowetsa ku thiransifoma ndi zotuluka kuchokera ku thiransifoma zonsezo ndi kuchuluka kwachulukidwe (AC). Mphamvu yamagetsi imapangidwa ndikutumizidwa pamagetsi okwera kwambiri. Mphamvu yamagetsi iyenera kuchepetsedwa kukhala yotsika mtengo kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito m'nyumba ndi m'mafakitale. Transformer ikasintha mulingo wamagetsi, imasinthanso mulingo wapano.
Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito
Kuwombera koyambirira kumalumikizidwa ndi gawo limodzi - gawo ac supply, ac current imayamba kudutsamo. The ac primary current imapanga alternating flux (Ф) pachimake. Zambiri mwazomwe zimasintha izi zimalumikizidwa ndi mafunde achiwiri kudzera pachimake.
Kusinthasintha kosiyanako kumapangitsa kuti magetsi azitha kulowa mumphepo yachiwiri malinga ndi malamulo a faraday a electromagnetic induction. Kusintha kwa mphamvu yamagetsi koma pafupipafupi mwachitsanzo, nthawi imakhalabe yofanana. Palibe kukhudzana kwamagetsi pakati pa mapindikidwe awiriwa, mphamvu yamagetsi imasamutsidwa kuchokera ku pulayimale kupita ku sekondale.
Transformer yosavuta imakhala ndi ma conductor awiri amagetsi otchedwa primary winding ndi secondary winding. Mphamvu zimaphatikizidwa pakati pa mapiringa ndi nthawi yosinthasintha maginito omwe amadutsa (malumikizidwe) onse oyambira ndi achiwiri.
Zida Zofunikira za Power Transformer
1.Buchholz relay
Relay iyi idapangidwa kuti izindikire zolakwika zamkati za thiransifoma mu gawo loyambirira kuti zipewe kuwonongeka kwakukulu. Choyandama cham'mwamba chimazungulira & kusinthana kolumikizana kutseka & motero kumapereka alamu.
2.Oil Surge Relay
Kupatsirana uku kungathe kufufuzidwa ndikukanikiza chosinthira choyesa chomwe chili pamwamba. Apa pali cholumikizira chimodzi chokha chomwe chimapereka chizindikiro chaulendo pakugwira ntchito kwa zoyandama. Mwa kufupikitsa kulumikizana kwakunja ndi ulalo, dera laulendo litha kufufuzidwanso.
3.Mphepo yophulika
Amakhala ndi chitoliro chopindika chokhala ndi diaphragm ya Bakelite kumapeto onse awiri. Mawaya oteteza amaikidwa potsegula thiransifoma kuti tipewe zidutswa za diaphragm zosweka kuti zisalowe mu thanki.
4.Vavu Yothandizira Kupanikizika
Kuthamanga kwa thanki kukakwera pamwamba pa malire otetezedwa omwe adakhazikitsidwa kale, valavu iyi imagwira ntchito ndikuchita izi: -
Imalola kuti kukanikiza kutsika potsegula doko nthawi yomweyo.
Amapereka chisonyezero cha ntchito ya valve pokweza mbendera.
Imagwira ntchito yosinthira yaying'ono, yomwe imapereka lamulo laulendo kwa wophwanya.
5.Oil Kutentha Indicator
Ndi dial type thermometer, imagwira ntchito pa mfundo yamphamvu ya nthunzi. Amadziwikanso kuti magnetic oil gauge (MOG). Ili ndi maginito. Khoma lachitsulo la thanki yosungiramo zinthu limalekanitsa maginito popanda kupyola pa hole.Magnetic field imatuluka ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito posonyeza.
6.Winding Kutentha Indicator
Ndizofanananso ndi OTI koma zimakhala ndi zosintha zina. Amakhala ndi kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi 2 capillaries. Ma capillaries amalumikizidwa ndi mivundi iwiri yosiyana (yogwira ntchito / yolipira). Mavuvu awa amalumikizidwa ndi chizindikiro cha kutentha.
7.Conservator
Pamene kukulitsa ndi kutsika kumachitika mu thanki yayikulu ya thiransifoma, zomwezi zimachitikanso muzosungirako zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi thanki yayikulu kudzera mu chitoliro.
8.Mbale
Iyi ndi fyuluta yapadera ya mpweya yomwe imaphatikizapo zinthu zowonongeka, zomwe zimatchedwa, Silica Gel. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kulowa kwa chinyezi ndi mpweya woipitsidwa mu conservator.
9.Ma Radiators
Ma Transformers Ang'onoang'ono amaperekedwa ndi machubu ozizira otenthetsera kapena ma radiator achitsulo osindikizidwa. Koma ma transfoma akuluakulu amaperekedwa ndi ma radiator otayika komanso ma valve. Kuti muziziziritsa zowonjezera, mafani otulutsa mpweya amaperekedwa pa ma radiator.
10.Tap Changer
Pamene katundu pa thiransifoma akuchulukirachulukira, yachiwiri terminal voteji reduces.Pali mitundu iwiri ya tap changer.
A.Off Load Tap Changer
Mumtundu uwu, musanasunthire chosankha, chosinthira chimapangidwa KUCHOKERA kumapeto onse awiri. Osintha matepi oterowo amakhala ndi zolumikizira zamkuwa zokhazikika, pomwe mapaipi amathetsedwa. Zomwe zimasuntha zimapangidwa ndi mkuwa ngati mawonekedwe a roller kapena gawo.
B.On Load Tap Changer
Mwachidule timachitcha kuti OLTC. Mwa izi, matepi amatha kusinthidwa pamanja pogwiritsa ntchito makina kapena magetsi osapanga chosinthira. Pamakina ogwirira ntchito, zolumikizira zimaperekedwa kuti OLTC isagwire ntchito yotsika kwambiri komanso pamwamba papampopi wapamwamba kwambiri.
11.RTCC (Cubicle yakutali yakusintha kwapampopi)
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito posintha ma tap ndi pamanja kapena pawokha kudzera pa Automatic Voltage Relay (AVR) yomwe imayikidwa +/- 5% ya 110 Volt (Reference yotengedwa ku voltage yachiwiri ya PT).
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-02-2024