Hluav taws xob cov chaw nres tsheb ua si tseem ceeb hauv kev xa hluav taws xob zoo los ntawm peb lub teb chaws. Tshawb nrhiav seb lawv ua dab tsi, lawv ua haujlwm li cas thiab qhov twg lawv haum rau hauv peb daim phiaj hluav taws xob.
Muaj ntau dua rau peb cov kab hluav taws xob ntau dua li qhov chaw tsim hluav taws xob, lossis cov cables uas coj mus rau peb lub tsev thiab kev lag luam. Qhov tseeb, daim phiaj hluav taws xob hauv teb chaws suav nrog kev sib txuas lus dav dav ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb uas tso cai rau kev nyab xeeb thiab txhim khu kev qha thiab kev faib hluav taws xob.
Substations yog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb hauv daim phiaj thiab ua kom muaj hluav taws xob xa mus ntawm qhov sib txawv voltages, ruaj ntseg thiab ntseeg tau.
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob substation ua haujlwm li cas?
Ib lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm substations yog hloov hluav taws xob mus rau hauv qhov sib txawv voltages. Qhov no yog qhov xav tau kom cov hluav taws xob tuaj yeem xa mus thoob plaws lub tebchaws thiab tom qab ntawd muab faib thoob plaws hauv cov zej zog hauv zos thiab hauv peb lub tsev, kev lag luam thiab cov tsev.
Substations muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb uas tso cai rau lub zog hluav taws xob hloov pauv (lossis 'hloov'). Qhov hluav taws xob tau nce los yog nqis los ntawm cov khoom siv hu ua transformers, uas zaum hauv ib qho chaw substation.
Transformers yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas hloov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob los ntawm kev hloov pauv magnetic teb. Lawv muaj ob lossis ntau lub coils ntawm cov xaim thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm pes tsawg zaus txhua lub coil qhwv ib ncig ntawm nws cov tub ntxhais hlau yuav cuam tshuam qhov kev hloov ntawm qhov hluav taws xob. Qhov no tso cai rau qhov voltage nce los yog txo.
Substation transformers yuav ua tiav cov hom phiaj sib txawv hauv kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob nyob ntawm qhov chaw hluav taws xob nyob hauv nws txoj kev sib kis.
Tua los ntawm JZP (JIEZOUPOWER) hauv Los Angeles, Tebchaws Asmeskas thaum lub Tsib Hlis 2024
Qhov twg substations haum rau hauv hluav taws xob network?
Muaj ob chav kawm ntawm substation; cov uas tsim ib feem ntawm lub network kis tau tus mob (uas ua haujlwm ntawm 275kV thiab siab dua) thiab cov uas tsim ib feem ntawm lub network faib (uas ua haujlwm ntawm 132kV thiab hauv qab).
Transmissions substations
Cov chaw sib kis tau pom nyob qhov twg cov hluav taws xob nkag mus rau hauv kev sib txuas lus (feem ntau nyob ze ntawm lub hwj chim loj), los yog qhov chaw uas nws tawm hauv lub network xa mus rau kev faib rau cov tsev thiab cov lag luam (paub tias yog ib qho chaw xa hluav taws xob).
Vim tias cov zis tawm los ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob - xws li cov nroj tsuag nuclear lossis cua ua liaj ua teb - sib txawv hauv qhov hluav taws xob, nws yuav tsum tau hloov pauv los ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob mus rau qib uas haum rau nws txoj kev sib kis.
Transmission substations yog 'junctions' qhov twg circuits txuas mus rau ib leeg, tsim lub network nyob ib puag ncig uas hluav taws xob ntws ntawm high voltage.
Thaum hluav taws xob tau nkag mus rau hauv daim phiaj zoo, nws tau xa mus - feem ntau dhau qhov deb heev - los ntawm high-voltage transmission circuits, feem ntau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov nyiaj siv ua haujlwm fais fab (OHLs) koj pom txhawb los ntawm cov hluav taws xob pylons. Hauv UK, cov OHLs no khiav ntawm 275kV lossis 400kV. Kev nce lossis txo qhov voltage raws li yuav ua kom paub tseeb tias nws mus txog hauv zos faib cov tes hauj lwm muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab tsis muaj zog poob.
Qhov twg hluav taws xob tawm hauv lub network sib txuas, ib qho chaw xa hluav taws xob xa hluav taws xob (GSP) lub chaw nres tsheb ua kom qhov hluav taws xob qis dua rau kev nyab xeeb rau kev faib tawm - feem ntau mus rau qhov chaw faib khoom nyob ib sab.
Distribution substations
Thaum hluav taws xob raug xa tawm los ntawm kev xa mus rau hauv qhov chaw faib khoom ntawm GSP, nws qhov hluav taws xob tau qis dua yog li nws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau peb lub tsev thiab kev lag luam ntawm qib siv tau. Qhov no yog nqa los ntawm kev faib tawm ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob me me lossis cov kab hluav taws xob hauv av rau hauv cov tsev ntawm 240V.
Nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txuas ntawm cov theem hauv zos (lub npe hu ua embedded tiam), hluav taws xob ntws kuj tuaj yeem hloov tau kom GSPs xa hluav taws xob rov qab mus rau qhov kev sib kis los pab sib npaug ntawm daim phiaj.
Lwm yam substations ua dab tsi?
Transmission substations yog qhov chaw loj zog txuas mus rau UK daim phiaj hluav taws xob. Peb txuas txhua yam thev naus laus zis rau peb lub network, nrog rau ntau lub gigawatts tau txuas rau txhua xyoo.
Tau ntau xyoo peb tau txuas nrog ntau dua 90 lub tshuab hluav taws xob - suav nrog yuav luag 30GW ntawm xoom carbon qhov chaw thiab cov khoom sib txuas - uas pab ua rau teb chaws Aas Kiv yog ib lub ntiaj teb kev lag luam ceev tshaj plaws decarbonising.
Kev sib txuas kuj siv lub zog los ntawm kev sib txuas lus, piv txwv li los ntawm GSPs (raws li tau piav qhia saum toj no) lossis rau cov neeg tsav tsheb ciav hlau.
Substations kuj muaj cov khoom siv uas pab ua kom peb cov hluav taws xob xa hluav taws xob thiab cov tshuab xa hluav taws xob ua haujlwm zoo li ua tau, tsis tas yuav rov ua haujlwm lossis poob sijhawm. Qhov no suav nrog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv, uas kuaj pom thiab tshem tawm qhov tsis raug hauv lub network.
Puas nyob ib sab ntawm lub substation muaj kev nyab xeeb?
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no muaj qee qhov kev sib cav txog seb puas nyob ib sab ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb - thiab cov kab hluav taws xob tiag tiag - muaj kev nyab xeeb, vim tias cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob (EMFs) lawv tsim.
Cov kev txhawj xeeb zoo li no tau ua tiav thiab peb qhov tseem ceeb yog ua kom cov pej xeem, peb cov neeg cog lus thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm nyab xeeb. Txhua lub chaw nres tsheb yog tsim los txwv EMFs raws li kev cai ywj pheej kev nyab xeeb, teeb tsa los tiv thaiv peb txhua tus tiv thaiv kev raug. Tom qab ntau xyoo ntawm kev tshawb fawb, qhov hnyav ntawm cov pov thawj yog tawm tsam muaj kev pheej hmoo kev noj qab haus huv ntawm EMFs hauv qab cov lus qhia txwv.
Post lub sij hawm: Nov-28-2024