Gabatarwa
Transformer wani na'ura ne a tsaye wanda ke canza wutar lantarki ta AC daga irin ƙarfin lantarki zuwa wani ƙarfin lantarki yana kiyaye mitar iri ɗaya ta hanyar ƙa'idar shigar da lantarki.
Input zuwa transformer da fitarwa daga na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa duka biyun alternating quantities (AC) ne. Ana samar da makamashin lantarki kuma ana watsa shi a matsanancin ƙarfin lantarki. Daga nan za a rage wutar lantarki zuwa ƙarancin ƙima don amfanin gida da masana'antu. Lokacin da wutan lantarki ya canza matakin ƙarfin lantarki, yana canza matakin yanzu kuma.
Ƙa'idar Aiki
An haɗa iskar farko zuwa guda-fase ac wadata, ac current yana farawa ta cikinsa. Ac firamare na yanzu yana samar da madaidaicin juzu'i (Ф) a cikin ainihin. Yawancin wannan canjin juzu'i yana samun alaƙa tare da iska ta biyu ta tsakiya.
Bambance-bambancen juzu'i zai haifar da wutar lantarki zuwa iska ta biyu bisa ga dokokin faraday na shigar da wutar lantarki. Matsayin ƙarfin lantarki yana canzawa amma mitar mitar watau lokacin lokaci ya kasance iri ɗaya. Babu haɗin wutar lantarki tsakanin iska biyun, wutar lantarki tana canzawa daga firamare zuwa sakandare.
Mai sauƙi mai sauƙi ya ƙunshi madugu na lantarki guda biyu waɗanda ake kira winding na farko da na biyu. Makamashi yana haɗe tsakanin iskoki ta lokacin bambance-bambancen motsin maganadisu wanda ke wucewa ta (hanyoyi) duka na firamare da na sakandare.
Muhimman Na'urorin haɗi na Canjin Wuta
1.Buchholz relay
An ƙera wannan relay ɗin don gano kurakuran ciki na transformer a matakin farko don gujewa babbar lalacewa. Babban iyo yana jujjuya kuma yana canza lambobi kusa kuma yana bada ƙararrawa.
2.Relay Relay
Ana iya duba wannan relay ta latsa maɓallin gwaji da aka bayar a gefen sama. Anan lamba ɗaya kawai aka bayar wanda ke ba da siginar tafiya akan aiki na iyo. Ta taƙaita tuntuɓar waje ta hanyar haɗin yanar gizo, ana iya bincika da'irar tafiya.
3. Fashewa Vent
Ya ƙunshi bututu mai lanƙwasa tare da diaphragm na Bakelite a ƙarshen duka. An sanya ragar waya mai kariya akan buɗaɗɗen tasfoma don hana guntuwar diaphragm da ya fashe shiga cikin tanki.
4.Matsi Relief Valve
Lokacin da matsa lamba a cikin tanki ya tashi sama da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun aminci, wannan bawul ɗin yana aiki kuma yana aiwatar da ayyuka masu zuwa: -
Yana ba da damar matsa lamba ta saukewa ta buɗe tashar jiragen ruwa nan take.
Yana ba da alamar gani na aikin bawul ta ɗaga tuta.
Yana aiki da ƙananan maɓalli, wanda ke ba da umarnin tafiya zuwa mai karyawa.
5.Mai nuna zafin mai
Yana da nau'in ma'aunin zafi da sanyio, yana aiki akan ka'idar matsa lamba. Ana kuma san shi da ma'aunin mai na Magnetic (MOG). Yana da maganadisu biyu. Katangar ƙarfe na tanki mai ɗaukar hoto yana raba maganadisu ba tare da kowa ba ta rami. Filin Magnetic yana fitowa kuma ana amfani dashi don nuni.
6.Winding Temperature Nuni
Hakanan yana kama da OTI amma yana da wasu canje-canje. Ya ƙunshi binciken da aka haɗa da capillaries 2. Ana haɗa capillaries tare da bellows daban-daban guda biyu (aiki / ramuwa). Ana haɗa waɗannan ɓangarorin tare da alamar zafin jiki.
7.Conservator
Kamar yadda faɗaɗawa da raguwa ke faruwa a babban tanki na transfoma, saboda haka al'amura iri ɗaya suna faruwa a cikin mai ɗaukar hoto kamar yadda ake haɗa shi da babban tanki ta bututu.
8. Numfasawa
Wannan matatar iska ce ta musamman wacce ke haɗa wani abu mai bushewa, wanda ake kira, Silica Gel. Ana amfani da shi don hana shigar danshi da gurɓataccen iska a cikin ma'ajiyar.
9.Radiators
Ana samar da ƙananan masu canjawa tare da welded bututu mai sanyaya ko matsi na karfen radiyo. Amma ana samar da manyan tasfotoci da radiators masu cirewa tare da bawuloli. Don ƙarin sanyaya, ana ba da magoya bayan shaye-shaye akan radiators.
10.Matsa Canji
Yayin da lodin da ke kan na'urar ta canza sheka ya karu, wutar lantarki ta ƙarshe ta biyu tana raguwa.Akwai nau'ikan canjin famfo guda biyu.
A. Kashe Load Tap Canjin
A irin wannan nau'in, kafin motsa mai zaɓe, ana kashe wutar lantarki daga ƙarshen biyu. Irin waɗannan masu canza famfo suna da ƙayyadaddun lambobi na tagulla, inda aka ƙare famfo. Ana yin lambobi masu motsi da tagulla a siffar ko dai abin nadi ko yanki.
B.On Load Tap Canjin
A takaice muna kiran shi a matsayin OLTC. A cikin wannan, ana iya canza famfo da hannu ta hanyar aikin injiniya ko lantarki ba tare da kashe na'urar ba. Don aiki na inji, ana ba da maƙullai don rashin aiki na OLTC a ƙasa mafi ƙanƙancin matsayi na famfo kuma sama da matsayi mafi girma na famfo.
11.RTCC
Ana amfani da shi don canza famfo ta hannu ko ta atomatik ta atomatik ta hanyar Relay Voltage (AVR) wanda aka saita +/- 5% na 110 Volt (Reference da aka ɗauka daga ƙarfin lantarki na PT na biyu).
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-02-2024